FairValue pre-open

← 2026-11-11 overview · ‹ AMZN · NOW ›

CRM Salesforce Fair Indicative confidence

Fair-value build for 2026-11-11. Every number below comes from the team's files for this day; steps marked "computed here" are simple arithmetic on those numbers.

DCF bear–bull (tick = base)Relative low–high (tick = mid)Price◆ Blended FV
$101.73$378.60
1 · Price
$214.22
›
2 · DCF base
$190.37
›
3 · Relative mid
$283.92
›
4 · Blended FV
$237.14
›
5 · Margin of safety → call
+9.7% → Fair
1Inputs: price, shares, balance sheet, consensussources & timestamps
Price used for the call
$214.22
$214.22 @9:13 (close $213.48)
Shares (diluted / implied)
823.00M
Net cash (debt)
-$30.97B
Beta (5Y)
1.23
Market cap
$175.69B
TTM revenue
$43.94B
TTM FCF (OCF − capex)
$15.15B

Collected by Financial Data Collector. Public sources only. Figures fetched Nov 11, 2026, 5:24 AM MST (America/Phoenix) / Nov 11, 2026, 7:24 AM ET. Every figure is sourced below; anything not found is marked n/a (not found) — no numbers were invented.

Not available from the public sources used:

None of the requested core fields were missing from the public sources used.

Forward EBITDA consensus: n/a (not found) on the free stockanalysis and Yahoo modules used.

Full input file (Financial Data Collector) · data/2026-11-11/CRM.md

Collected by Financial Data Collector. Public sources only. Figures fetched Nov 11, 2026, 5:24 AM MST (America/Phoenix) / Nov 11, 2026, 7:24 AM ET. Every figure is sourced below; anything not found is marked n/a (not found) — no numbers were invented.

Price and trading

FieldValueSource / as-of
Last regular-session close$213.48 at Nov 10, 2026, 4:00 PM ET (-1.46, -0.68% vs previous close $214.94). Exchange: NYSE; quote type: EQUITY.Yahoo Finance quoteSummary regularMarketPrice / regularMarketTime; cross-checked vs stockanalysis close $213.48 at Nov 10, 2026, 4:00 PM EST and Yahoo chart API
Pre-market$213.70 (+0.23, +0.11%) as of Nov 11, 2026, 7:12 AM ET (Yahoo Finance quoteSummary preMarket* vs regular-session close $213.48). Cross-check stockanalysis pre-market: $213.19 (-0.29, -0.14%) at Nov 11, 2026, 7:01 AM EST.Yahoo Finance quoteSummary, fetched Nov 11, 2026, 7:24 AM ET
Market cap$175.69BYahoo price.marketCap (stockanalysis: $175.69B)
Enterprise valuestockanalysis EV: $206.67B; Yahoo defaultKeyStatistics.enterpriseValue: $206.67BSee cash-definition note

Shares, cash, debt, beta

FieldValueSource / as-of
Shares outstanding (basic)823.00MYahoo defaultKeyStatistics.sharesOutstanding (stockanalysis shares outstanding: 823.00M; stats updated Nov 11, 2026)
Diluted / implied shares823.00MYahoo defaultKeyStatistics.impliedSharesOutstanding. This is the share count implied by market cap / last price (823.00M) and is the figure to use for per-share DCF / relative work.
Float797.53MYahoo defaultKeyStatistics.floatShares
Cash$11.40B (Cash & Cash Equivalents)Primary: stockanalysis, stats updated Nov 11, 2026; Yahoo totalCash $11.40B
Total debt$42.38Bstockanalysis / Yahoo financialData.totalDebt (Yahoo: $42.38B)
Net cash (debt)-$30.97BNegative = net debt. stockanalysis definition uses the cash line above minus total debt.
Beta (5Y)1.23Yahoo defaultKeyStatistics.beta 1.23; stockanalysis Beta (5Y) 1.23

Cash / debt detail:

  • stockanalysis “Cash & Cash Equivalents”: $11.40B (stats updated Nov 11, 2026)
  • Yahoo Finance financialData.totalCash: $11.40B (typically cash & short-term investments; may be narrower than SA’s cash + marketable securities)
  • stockanalysis total debt: $42.38B
  • Yahoo financialData.totalDebt: $42.38B (agrees with stockanalysis)
  • stockanalysis net cash (debt): -$30.97B → net debt $30.97B [consistent with SA EV vs market cap]
  • Yahoo totalCash − totalDebt: -$30.97B → net debt $30.97B (may differ from SA if cash definitions differ)

TTM financials

FieldValueSource / as-of
TTM revenue$43.94Bstockanalysis Income Statement (stats updated Nov 11, 2026); Yahoo financialData.totalRevenue $43.94B
TTM EBITDA$12.90Bstockanalysis; Yahoo financialData.ebitda $12.90B
TTM net income$9.66Bstockanalysis; Yahoo netIncomeToCommon $9.66B
TTM EPS (GAAP)10.79stockanalysis; Yahoo trailingEps 10.93
TTM operating cash flow$15.75Bstockanalysis; Yahoo operatingCashflow $15.75B
TTM capex-$596.00Mstockanalysis (sign is cash outflow, negative)
TTM D&A$3.44Bstockanalysis
TTM free cash flow (OCF − capex)$15.15Bstockanalysis
Yahoo / levered FCF (do not mix with the line above)$17.73BYahoo financialData.freeCashflow
TTM operating margin21.5%stockanalysis
YoY revenue growth (latest reported quarter / Yahoo)10.8%Yahoo financialData.revenueGrowth
YoY earnings growth (Yahoo)118.9%Yahoo financialData.earningsGrowth

stockanalysis TTM FCF (OCF − capex): $15.15B (OCF $15.75B + capex -$596.00M = $15.15B). Yahoo financialData.freeCashflow: $17.73B — this often matches stockanalysis levered FCF, not OCF−capex. Use OCF−capex for a standard FCF DCF unless you explicitly want levered FCF.

Recent historical annual figures

Fiscal year calendar: February - January. Figures in USD from stockanalysis.com financials / cash-flow pages (S&P Global Market Intelligence; source pages fetched Nov 11, 2026, 5:24 AM MST (America/Phoenix)). Values originally displayed in millions.

PeriodRevenueOperating incomeEBITDA (OpInc + D&A, approx.)Net incomeEPS (GAAP)OCFCapexFCF (OCF − capex)
FY 2026$41.52B$8.92B$12.55B$7.46B7.80$15.00B-$594.00M$14.40B
FY 2025$37.90B$7.67B$11.14B$6.20B6.36$13.09B-$658.00M$12.43B
FY 2024$34.86B$6.00B$9.96B$4.14B4.20$10.23B-$736.00M$9.50B
FY 2023$31.35B$1.86B$5.64B$208.00M0.21$7.11B-$798.00M$6.31B
FY 2022$26.49B$548.00M$3.85B$1.44B1.48$6.00B-$717.00M$5.28B

Note: Annual EBITDA is not published as a separate line on the free income-statement page, so the OpInc + D&A figure is an approximation (does not add other non-cash items). TTM EBITDA above is the source-reported figure.

Consensus estimates and growth

FieldValueSource / as-of
Consensus revenue FY1 (FY ending Jan 31, 2027)$46.30Bstockanalysis forecast, updated Nov 10, 2026; FY0 / last year on that page $41.53B → FY1 growth 11.5%
Consensus revenue FY2$50.78Bstockanalysis forecast, updated Nov 10, 2026; FY1→FY2 growth 9.7%
Consensus EPS FY1 (typically non-GAAP on this source)16.75stockanalysis forecast
Consensus EPS FY216.02stockanalysis forecast
Consensus FCF FY1$15.00Bstockanalysis forecast (FCF column, last period); prior-year column on that table $14.40B
Revenue growth forecast (3Y CAGR)10.3%stockanalysis statistics
EPS growth forecast (3Y CAGR)13.8%stockanalysis statistics
Analyst average price target$287.08 (56 analysts on stockanalysis; Yahoo targetMeanPrice $287.08 from 53 opinions)stockanalysis / Yahoo, forecast updated Nov 10, 2026

Yahoo Finance earningsTrend (cross-check; periods as labeled by Yahoo):

Yahoo periodEnd dateConsensus revenueConsensus EPS# analysts (EPS)Growth (Yahoo)
Current quarter (0q)2026-10-31$11.46B (low $11.35B, high $11.51B)3.45 (low 3.39, high 3.85)426.0%
Next quarter (+1q)2027-01-31$12.34B (low $12.15B, high $12.47B)3.56 (low 3.45, high 4.01)41-6.6%
Current FY (0y)2027-01-31$46.30B (low $46.18B, high $46.43B)16.75 (low 16.67, high 17.60)5233.8%
Next FY (+1y)2028-01-31$50.78B (low $49.95B, high $51.35B)16.02 (low 14.66, high 18.12)53-4.4%

Caution: Yahoo’s “forward P/E” and forwardEps sometimes correspond to FY2 / a later year, not FY1. stockanalysis “Forward PE” is generally price / FY1 consensus EPS. Do not mix them. Also, for names that just reported, Yahoo’s 0q/0y rows can lag the print.

Current multiples

Primary set is stockanalysis (S&P GMI), which is internally consistent with that source’s price, market cap, EV, and TTM/FY1 figures (stats updated Nov 11, 2026, forecast updated Nov 10, 2026). Computed cross-checks use Yahoo last close $213.48 and Yahoo market cap $175.69B.

MultiplestockanalysisComputed cross-checkNotes
P/E TTM19.78x19.78x (close / TTM GAAP EPS 10.79); Yahoo trailing P/E 19.53xGAAP trailing
Forward P/E (FY1 EPS 16.75)14.55x12.75xPreferred forward multiple
Yahoo stated forward P/E13.33xuses Yahoo forwardEps 16.02Often FY2/NTM, not FY1
P/S TTM4.00x4.00x
Forward P/S (FY1 revenue)3.62x3.79x
P/FCF TTM (OCF−capex)11.59x11.60xBlank/n/a if FCF ≤ 0
Forward P/FCF (FY1 FCF)n/a (not a labeled SA field)11.71xmarket cap / FY1 consensus FCF
EV/Sales TTM4.70x4.70x using SA EV $206.67B
EV/EBITDA TTM16.02x16.02xForward EBITDA consensus was not on these free pages
EV/FCF TTM13.64x13.64xBlank/n/a if FCF ≤ 0

Earnings date

stockanalysis: next confirmed: Wednesday, December 2, 2026 after market close (stats updated Nov 11, 2026); Yahoo Finance calendarEvents: 2026-12-02 (Yahoo: not marked as estimate); Yahoo consensus for that report: EPS 3.45 (low 3.39, high 3.85); revenue $11.46B (low $11.35B, high $11.51B)

Notable recent news

Headlines from Yahoo Finance news search, fetched Nov 11, 2026, 7:24 AM ET. These are the source’s recent items (not a complete news file) and have not been independently verified beyond the headline list.

Missing / not available from public sources used

None of the requested core fields were missing from the public sources used.

Forward EBITDA consensus: n/a (not found) on the free stockanalysis and Yahoo modules used.

Sources

2DCF buildprojections · WACC · terminal value · bridge · sensitivity
Bear
$116.56
Base
$190.37
Bull
$233.28
WACC (base)
9.9%

WACC build-up via CAPM

  1. Cost of equity = risk-free + β × ERP
    Ke = 10Y UST 5.0% + 1.23 × 5.0% = 11.1%
    Beta note: 5Y observed (Data Collector)
  2. Cost of debt (assumption: 10Y + 1.0%) = 6.0% pre-tax → 4.7% after 21% tax
  3. Market-value weights: equity 80.6% / debt 19.4%
  4. WACC = 80.6% × 11.1% + 19.4% × 4.7% = 9.9%
WACC lines exactly as in the DCF file
  • Risk-free: 10Y UST 5.0% (Nov 10, 2026 close per Data Collector; bond market closed Nov 11 for Veterans Day)
  • Beta: 1.23 (5Y observed (Data Collector)); ERP 5.0% → cost of equity 11.1%
  • Cost of debt: 10Y + 1.0% spread (assumption; no interest-rate data in inputs) = 6.0% pre-tax, 4.7% after 21% tax
  • Weights (market): equity 80.6% / debt 19.4% (mkt cap $175.7B, debt $42.4B)
  • WACC 9.9% → 9.9%

SBC treatment

TTM SBC: $3.7B (8.3% of rev; 24.2% of FCF). Starting FCF after SBC (OCF − capex − SBC): $11.5B = 26.1% margin.

Revenue and FCF projections (base case)

YearRev growthRevenueFCF marginFCFPV
18.7%47.826.1%12.511.4
27.5%51.326.1%13.411.1
36.2%54.526.1%14.310.7
45.0%57.226.1%15.010.3
53.7%59.426.1%15.59.7

Terminal value (Gordon growth, cross-checked with an exit multiple)

  • Gordon TV $215.4B, PV $134.5B; EV $187.6B; TV share of EV 71.7%
  • Implied exit multiple 13.9x year-5 FCF vs current EV/FCF TTM 13.6x (pre-SBC)
  • FCF margin (after SBC, flat, base growth/WACC) needed to justify $213.48: 28.8% vs TTM 26.1%

Enterprise value → equity → per share

PV of 5 years of FCF (computed here: EV − PV of TV)$53.1B
+ PV of terminal value$134.5B
= Enterprise value (file)$187.6B
+ Net cash (debt) (file; negative = net debt)-$31.0B
= Equity value (computed here)$156.6B
÷ Diluted / implied shares (file)823M
= Value per share (computed here from rounded file values)$190.28 vs file base $190.37

Reverse-DCF check

Price implies an after-SBC FCF margin of 28.8% vs TTM 26.1% (DCF summary.json).

Sensitivity grid (base case, $/share)

WACC \ g2.0%2.5%3.0%
8.9%$211.29$226.55$244.41
9.4%$194.19$207.14$222.13
9.9%$179.26$190.37$203.09
10.4%$166.12$175.72$186.63
10.9%$154.45$162.83$172.26

Bear / base / bull scenarios

Scenario$/sharevs priceStart rev growthFCF margin (after SBC) yr1→yr5WACCg
Bear$116.56-45%4.8% fading to 3.0%22.2% → 22.2%10.9%2.5%
Base$190.37-11%8.7% fading to 3.7%26.1% → 26.1%9.9%2.5%
Bull$233.28+9%9.7% fading to 3.9%26.1% → 26.1%8.9%2.5%

Key assumptions

ItemValueBasis
TTM revenue$43.9BData Collector
TTM OCF / capex / FCF$15.8B / $-0.6B / $15.2BData Collector
TTM SBC$3.7B (8.3% of rev; 24.2% of FCF)stockanalysis cash-flow, TTM to Jul 31 2026
FCF after SBC (base yr-0)$11.5B = 26.1% marginOCF − capex − SBC
Consensus revenueFY1 (FY ending Jan 31, 2027): $46.3B; FY2 $50.8B (FY2/FY1 9.7%); 3Y CAGR 10.3%Data Collector
Consensus FCF FY1$15.0BData Collector (pre-SBC)
Consensus-level start growth9.7% = lower of 3Y CAGR and FY2/FY1conservative
Base / bear / bull start growth8.7% (90%) / 4.8% (50%) / 9.7% (100%) of consensus; linear fade toward g
Net cash (debt)$-31.0BData Collector
MarginBase/bull flat at TTM after-SBC margin; bear 85% of itteam default
DCF caveats:
  • SBC treated as a cash cost (subtracted from FCF) – conservative; pre-SBC values would be materially higher.
  • Shares are Yahoo implied/diluted (rerun by Coordinator on data/2026-11-11); cost of debt is a 10Y+100bp assumption.
  • Revenue start point is TTM; consensus FY1/FY2 periods may not align with TTM. Mid-year discounting not applied (end-year, conservative).
Full DCF file (DCF Analyst) · dcf/2026-11-11-rerun/CRM.md

DCF Analyst model, rerun by Fair Value Coordinator on today's data. Input file: data/2026-11-11/CRM.md. Generated 2026-11-11 07:16 MST (Phoenix).

Price used: $213.48 (regular-session close Nov 10, 2026). Shares 823M (diluted/implied, Yahoo impliedSharesOutstanding per Data Collector 2026-11-11).

Scenario$/sharevs priceStart rev growthFCF margin (after SBC) yr1→yr5WACCg
Bear$116.56-45%4.8% fading to 3.0%22.2% → 22.2%10.9%2.5%
Base$190.37-11%8.7% fading to 3.7%26.1% → 26.1%9.9%2.5%
Bull$233.28+9%9.7% fading to 3.9%26.1% → 26.1%8.9%2.5%

WACC build

  • Risk-free: 10Y UST 5.0% (Nov 10, 2026 close per Data Collector; bond market closed Nov 11 for Veterans Day)
  • Beta: 1.23 (5Y observed (Data Collector)); ERP 5.0% → cost of equity 11.1%
  • Cost of debt: 10Y + 1.0% spread (assumption; no interest-rate data in inputs) = 6.0% pre-tax, 4.7% after 21% tax
  • Weights (market): equity 80.6% / debt 19.4% (mkt cap $175.7B, debt $42.4B)
  • WACC 9.9% → 9.9%

Key assumptions

ItemValueBasis
TTM revenue$43.9BData Collector
TTM OCF / capex / FCF$15.8B / $-0.6B / $15.2BData Collector
TTM SBC$3.7B (8.3% of rev; 24.2% of FCF)stockanalysis cash-flow, TTM to Jul 31 2026
FCF after SBC (base yr-0)$11.5B = 26.1% marginOCF − capex − SBC
Consensus revenueFY1 (FY ending Jan 31, 2027): $46.3B; FY2 $50.8B (FY2/FY1 9.7%); 3Y CAGR 10.3%Data Collector
Consensus FCF FY1$15.0BData Collector (pre-SBC)
Consensus-level start growth9.7% = lower of 3Y CAGR and FY2/FY1conservative
Base / bear / bull start growth8.7% (90%) / 4.8% (50%) / 9.7% (100%) of consensus; linear fade toward g
Net cash (debt)$-31.0BData Collector
MarginBase/bull flat at TTM after-SBC margin; bear 85% of itteam default

Base-case 5-year FCF ($B)

YearRev growthRevenueFCF marginFCFPV
18.7%47.826.1%12.511.4
27.5%51.326.1%13.411.1
36.2%54.526.1%14.310.7
45.0%57.226.1%15.010.3
53.7%59.426.1%15.59.7

Terminal value check (base)

  • Gordon TV $215.4B, PV $134.5B; EV $187.6B; TV share of EV 71.7%
  • Implied exit multiple 13.9x year-5 FCF vs current EV/FCF TTM 13.6x (pre-SBC)
  • FCF margin (after SBC, flat, base growth/WACC) needed to justify $213.48: 28.8% vs TTM 26.1%

Sensitivity – base case $/share (WACC vs terminal g)

WACC \ g2.0%2.5%3.0%
8.9%$211.29$226.55$244.41
9.4%$194.19$207.14$222.13
9.9%$179.26$190.37$203.09
10.4%$166.12$175.72$186.63
10.9%$154.45$162.83$172.26

Sources

Caveats

  • SBC treated as a cash cost (subtracted from FCF) – conservative; pre-SBC values would be materially higher.
  • Shares are Yahoo implied/diluted (rerun by Coordinator on data/2026-11-11); cost of debt is a 10Y+100bp assumption.
  • Revenue start point is TTM; consensus FY1/FY2 periods may not align with TTM. Mid-year discounting not applied (end-year, conservative).
3Relative valuation build (comps)peers · multiples · median/IQR · weights
Comps basis: Adjusted basis. Adjusted basis: comps use consensus (mostly non-GAAP, SBC-excluded) EPS and pre-SBC FCF. This run predates the GAAP / SBC-consistent default.
Low (peer 25th pct)
$208.04
Mid (peer median)
$283.92
High (peer 75th pct)
$363.77

Price used: $213.48 at Nov 10, 2026, 4:00 PM EST close (not pre-market) · Shares: 823.0M basic shares outstanding (S&P GMI via stockanalysis; not a fully diluted count)

How the multiples combine: equal-weight average of 4 usable multiples (NTM P/E, NTM EV/Sales, EV/EBITDA (TTM), FY1 P/FCF).

Each multiple: peer 25th / median / 75th → implied $/share

MultipleCRM nowPeer 25th / median / 75th (n)Implied $/share low / mid / high
NTM P/E13.2x13.5x / 16.8x / 22.1x (8)$217.79 / $271.72 / $358.20
NTM EV/Sales4.2x3.9x / 5.1x / 6.0x (8)$200.97 / $269.69 / $322.97
EV/EBITDA (TTM)16.0x14.3x / 19.4x / 24.8x (8)$185.89 / $267.03 / $351.21
FY1 P/FCF11.7x12.5x / 18.0x / 23.2x (7)$227.51 / $327.23 / $422.69

Peer set and multiples

Large-cap enterprise application / platform software: CRM, NOW and ADBE are the closest product and go-to-market comps; MSFT, ORCL, SAP, INTU, ADSK and WDAY anchor the broader large-cap software multiple set (scale, recurring revenue, and operating leverage).

PeerNTM P/ENTM EV/SalesEV/EBITDA (TTM)FY1 P/FCF
CRM (subject)13.2x4.2x16.0x11.7x
NOW21.3x5.6x32.4x18.0x
ADBE8.7x3.2x9.4x8.8x
MSFT24.7x9.5x19.6x121.1x
ORCL12.5x4.6x14.5xn/a
INTU13.8x3.8x13.5x10.4x
ADSK18.8x5.9x23.5x19.8x
WDAY14.8x4.0x28.9x14.5x
SAP28.1x6.0x19.3x26.6x

FY1 ends Jan 31, 2027 (w on FY1 = 0.222). Consensus FY1/FY2 non-GAAP EPS 16.75 / 16.02; NTM EPS 16.182. NTM sales $49.79B (FY1 $46.30B, FY2 $50.78B). TTM EBITDA $12.90B. Consensus FY1 FCF $15.00B.

Peer cells marked n/a (and why):

  • ORCL FY1 P/FCF: FY1 P/FCF n/a (consensus FY1 FCF is negative or zero)
Method notes (analyst)
  • Multiples are computed from the same source financials for the ticker and every peer (not the vendor's black-box "Forward PE / Forward PS", which is not always consistent with consensus FY1/FY2 EPS and sales).
  • NTM P/E and NTM EV/Sales use day-weighted NTM = w×FY1 + (1−w)×FY2, with w = days remaining to FY1 period end from 2026-11-11 ÷ 365.25. If FY2 is missing, FY1 is used and labeled as such.
  • EV/EBITDA is trailing-twelve-month; forward EBITDA consensus is not on the free source.
  • P/FCF uses consensus FY1 FCF (FY2 FCF is gated). Dropped when FY1 FCF is ≤ 0 or the implied P/FCF exceeds 150x (FCF too small to capitalize).
  • P/E is dropped when NTM/FY1 EPS is ≤ 0.05 or the multiple exceeds 150x.
  • Low / mid / high = peer 25th percentile / median / 75th percentile (linear interpolation, inclusive), applied to the ticker's own NTM EPS, NTM sales, TTM EBITDA, or FY1 FCF. EV multiples are converted to equity as (implied EV + net cash) / basic shares.
  • A multiple enters the blended range only if at least three peers have a usable figure and the ticker's own denominator is meaningful.
  • 5-year average and range of the ticker's own multiples are not available from the provided free source (the stockanalysis "Financial Ratio History" section is present as a heading with no figures in the scrape).

Adjustments and judgment

  • CRM screens cheap vs large-cap software on FY1 P/FCF and is below the peer median on NTM P/E, NTM EV/Sales and TTM EV/EBITDA.
  • ADBE is a low-end outlier in this set (all of its multiples sit well below the group) and pulls the 25th percentile down; MSFT sits at the high end on EV/Sales. Both are left in the set because they are named large-cap software comps, but the IQR already compresses their influence relative to a min/max range.
  • MSFT’s FY1 P/FCF is elevated because FY1 FCF is depressed by growth capex ($32.7B vs TTM FCF $60.0B). It remains under the 150x cutoff and is kept, which lifts the P/FCF 75th percentile. The blended high should be read with that in mind.
  • Consensus FY2 EPS ($16.02) is slightly below FY1 ($16.75), so NTM P/E is a bit higher than a simple FY1 P/E. No multiple was dropped for CRM itself.

5-year own-multiple history: not available in the free sources used.

Full relative-valuation file (Relative Valuation Analyst) · relative/2026-11-11/CRM.md

Analyst: Relative Valuation Analyst Company: Salesforce Price used: $213.48 at Nov 10, 2026, 4:00 PM EST close (not pre-market) Shares: 823.0M basic shares outstanding (S&P GMI via stockanalysis; not a fully diluted count) Net cash (debt): $-30.97B Computed EV: $206.66B (= price × shares − net cash; may differ slightly from the rounded published EV)

Method

  • Multiples are computed from the same source financials for the ticker and every peer (not the vendor's black-box "Forward PE / Forward PS", which is not always consistent with consensus FY1/FY2 EPS and sales).
  • NTM P/E and NTM EV/Sales use day-weighted NTM = w×FY1 + (1−w)×FY2, with w = days remaining to FY1 period end from 2026-11-11 ÷ 365.25. If FY2 is missing, FY1 is used and labeled as such.
  • EV/EBITDA is trailing-twelve-month; forward EBITDA consensus is not on the free source.
  • P/FCF uses consensus FY1 FCF (FY2 FCF is gated). Dropped when FY1 FCF is ≤ 0 or the implied P/FCF exceeds 150x (FCF too small to capitalize).
  • P/E is dropped when NTM/FY1 EPS is ≤ 0.05 or the multiple exceeds 150x.
  • Low / mid / high = peer 25th percentile / median / 75th percentile (linear interpolation, inclusive), applied to the ticker's own NTM EPS, NTM sales, TTM EBITDA, or FY1 FCF. EV multiples are converted to equity as (implied EV + net cash) / basic shares.
  • A multiple enters the blended range only if at least three peers have a usable figure and the ticker's own denominator is meaningful.
  • 5-year average and range of the ticker's own multiples are not available from the provided free source (the stockanalysis "Financial Ratio History" section is present as a heading with no figures in the scrape).

Peer set

Large-cap enterprise application / platform software: CRM, NOW and ADBE are the closest product and go-to-market comps; MSFT, ORCL, SAP, INTU, ADSK and WDAY anchor the broader large-cap software multiple set (scale, recurring revenue, and operating leverage).

PeerNTM P/ENTM EV/SalesEV/EBITDA (TTM)FY1 P/FCF
CRM (subject)13.2x4.2x16.0x11.7x
NOW21.3x5.6x32.4x18.0x
ADBE8.7x3.2x9.4x8.8x
MSFT24.7x9.5x19.6x121.1x
ORCL12.5x4.6x14.5xn/a
INTU13.8x3.8x13.5x10.4x
ADSK18.8x5.9x23.5x19.8x
WDAY14.8x4.0x28.9x14.5x
SAP28.1x6.0x19.3x26.6x

FY1 ends Jan 31, 2027 (w on FY1 = 0.222). Consensus FY1/FY2 non-GAAP EPS 16.75 / 16.02; NTM EPS 16.182. NTM sales $49.79B (FY1 $46.30B, FY2 $50.78B). TTM EBITDA $12.90B. Consensus FY1 FCF $15.00B.

Peer cells marked n/a (and why):

  • ORCL FY1 P/FCF: FY1 P/FCF n/a (consensus FY1 FCF is negative or zero)

Implied per-share value

MultipleCRM nowPeer 25th / median / 75th (n)Implied $/share low / mid / high
NTM P/E13.2x13.5x / 16.8x / 22.1x (8)$217.79 / $271.72 / $358.20
NTM EV/Sales4.2x3.9x / 5.1x / 6.0x (8)$200.97 / $269.69 / $322.97
EV/EBITDA (TTM)16.0x14.3x / 19.4x / 24.8x (8)$185.89 / $267.03 / $351.21
FY1 P/FCF11.7x12.5x / 18.0x / 23.2x (7)$227.51 / $327.23 / $422.69

Current multiples vs own history

5-year average and range: n/a. The provided stockanalysis statistics scrape includes a “Financial Ratio History” heading with no figures (likely gated). No 5-year P/E, EV/EBITDA, EV/Sales or P/FCF average was invented or taken from another unpaid-login source in time for this run.

Blended range

Weights: equal-weight average of 4 usable multiples (NTM P/E, NTM EV/Sales, EV/EBITDA (TTM), FY1 P/FCF).

Low / mid / high: $208.04 / $283.92 / $363.77 Vs close $213.48: mid implies +33.0% upside.

Adjustments and judgment

  • CRM screens cheap vs large-cap software on FY1 P/FCF and is below the peer median on NTM P/E, NTM EV/Sales and TTM EV/EBITDA.
  • ADBE is a low-end outlier in this set (all of its multiples sit well below the group) and pulls the 25th percentile down; MSFT sits at the high end on EV/Sales. Both are left in the set because they are named large-cap software comps, but the IQR already compresses their influence relative to a min/max range.
  • MSFT’s FY1 P/FCF is elevated because FY1 FCF is depressed by growth capex ($32.7B vs TTM FCF $60.0B). It remains under the 150x cutoff and is kept, which lifts the P/FCF 75th percentile. The blended high should be read with that in mind.
  • Consensus FY2 EPS ($16.02) is slightly below FY1 ($16.75), so NTM P/E is a bit higher than a simple FY1 P/E. No multiple was dropped for CRM itself.

Data sources and as-of dates

  • Prices: regular-session close Nov 10, 2026, 4:00 PM EST close (not pre-market), from stockanalysis.com pages (S&P Global Market Intelligence), cross-checked in the coordinator input files vs the Yahoo Finance chart API.
  • Fundamentals and consensus: stockanalysis.com statistics (stats last updated on the pages on Nov 11, 2026) and forecast (this ticker's forecast page last updated Nov 10, 2026) for CRM and each peer. Forecast update dates differ by ticker.
  • Raw files: /workspace/fair-value/coordinator/2026-11-11/raw/ (fetched 2026-11-11 05:23 MST (America/Phoenix)). Official collector folder data/2026-11-11/ did not yet have ticker files when this run started; coordinator fallback input files were used.
  • 5-year multiple history: n/a (not in the free scrape).
  • Public web was used only to attempt WMT/COST for AMZN (stockanalysis Cloudflare 403; Yahoo quoteSummary unauthorized). No paid logins.
  • Peer forecast update dates:
    • CRM: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 10, 2026
    • NOW: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Oct 30, 2026
    • ADBE: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 4, 2026
    • MSFT: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 6, 2026
    • ORCL: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 10, 2026
    • INTU: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 9, 2026
    • ADSK: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Nov 10, 2026
    • WDAY: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Oct 16, 2026
    • SAP: stats Nov 11, 2026, forecast Oct 30, 2026
4Blending50/50 DCF base + relative mid
  1. Blended fair value = 50% DCF base + 50% relative mid
    0.5 × $190.37 + 0.5 × $283.92 = $237.15 (report: $237.14)
  2. Divergence check: |DCF base − relative mid| ÷ relative mid
    |$190.37 − $283.92| ÷ $283.92 = 32.9% → above 25%: blended value is indicative
5Margin of safety → callFair
  1. Margin of safety = (FV − price) ÷ FV
    ($237.14 − $214.22) ÷ $237.14 = +9.7% (report: +9.7%)
  2. Upside / downside = FV ÷ price − 1 = +10.7%; price vs FV = -9.7%
  3. Rule: Cheap if MoS ≥ 20% · Rich if price ≥ 15% above FV · otherwise Fair
    → Fair Indicative confidence
6Flags and notes3 flag(s)

Flags

⚑ DCF vs relative differ 33% (>25%): blended value indicative only.
⚑ Earnings Wed Dec 2, 2026 after the close (confirmed).
⚑ Net debt about $31.0B.

Coordinator notes

  • Relative mid $283.92 (large-cap software peers, 4 multiples; NTM P/E 13.2x vs peer median 16.8x) sits well above price; the SBC-adjusted DCF base ($190.37) sits below it.
  • DCF: WACC 9.89%, FCF margin after SBC 26.1% TTM; price implies a 28.8% after-SBC margin. Sensitivity $154.45–$244.41.

Source files: data/2026-11-11/CRM.md dcf/2026-11-11-rerun/CRM.md relative/2026-11-11/CRM.md